Cross-Connection Control
Protection of Southwick’s Public Water Supply is critical, and a vital component is proper backflow prevention and cross-connection control. A cross-connection is formed at any point where a potable water line connects to certain equipment, systems containing chemicals, or water sources of questionable quality. Cross-Connections can be found at heating and ventilation equipment, fire suppression systems, factory or plant equipment, irrigation systems, hose spigots, utility sinks and chemical processing facilities. Cross-Connection hazards such as these can be prevented through the installation of backflow prevention devices.
Southwick’s Department of Public Works (DPW) is required to implement and follow a cross-connection control program to prevent backflow in accordance with Mass DEP policy. DPW surveys properties (mainly non-residential) to look for potential cross-connections and will require proper backflow prevention devices when a need is determined. In addition, all known backflow prevention devices are tested at a minimum yearly, depending on the type of device and the hazard it protects. Prior approval from the DPW is required for the installation, repair, replacement, relocation, or removal of backflow prevention devices.
Simple steps to take around your home and yard to avoid cross-connections and backflow:
- Install a hose bib vacuum breakers on all exterior spigots. These are available at most hardware or plumbing stores.
- Toilets should be equipped with a ballcock with an integral anti-siphon valve.
- All sinks, tubs and tanks should have a proper air gap to prevent back-siphonage between the bottom of the faucet/spout and rim edge, which may be treated with chemicals (air gap is typically 1” or more).
- Boilers should be equipped with an approved backflow prevention device and expansion tanks to prevent backflow of boiled water (which may be treated with chemicals).
- Install and maintain an approved backflow device on your irrigation system.
Definitions:
Cross Connection means any actual or potential physical connection or arrangement between a pipe conveying potable water from a public water system and any non-potable water supply, piping arrangement or equipment, including but not limited to waste pipe, soil pipe, sewer drain and any other unapproved sources.
Backflow means the flow of water or other liquids, mixtures or substances into the distribution pipes of a potable water supply from any other source other than the intended source, either by back-siphonage or back-pressure.
Back-Siphonage is when there is a decrease in the water distribution system pressure, for example a water main break, fire fighting (use of hydrants) or other high demand uses. When this happens, water from your building’s plumbing may backflow into the public system.
Back-pressure is when the water pressure in a buildings plumbing is increased above the pressure in the public water system, say by a pump in a factory. If this happens, the water in the building’s plumbing can be forced back into the public water system.
Work on backflow devices may require a plumbing permit. Please contact the DPW at 413-569-6772 or the Plumbing Inspector at 413-569-1211 with any questions.